模块:String
Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted Module:String (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs)
This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions.
Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters, unnamed parameters, or a mixture. If named parameters are used, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter. Depending on the intended use, it may be advantageous to either preserve or remove such whitespace.
Global options
- ignore_errors
- If set to 'true' or 1, any error condition will result in an empty string being returned rather than an error message.
- error_category
- If an error occurs, specifies the name of a category to include with the error message. The default category is [[:Category:Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted|Category:Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted]] (0).
- no_category
- If set to 'true' or 1, no category will be added if an error is generated.
Unit tests for this module are available at Module:String/testcases.
len
This function returns the length of the target string.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|len|target_string}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|len|s= target_string }}
Parameters:
- s
- The string whose length to report
Examples:
{{#invoke:String|len| abcdefghi }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|len|s= abcdefghi }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
sub
This function returns a substring of the target string at specified inclusive, one-indexed indices.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|sub|target_string|start_index|end_index}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|sub|s= target_string |i= start_index |j= end_index }}
Parameters:
- s
- The string to return a subset of
- i
- The first index of the substring to return, defaults to 1.
- j
- The last index of the string to return, defaults to the last character.
The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1. If either i or j is a negative value, it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by counting from the end of the string. Hence, a value of -1 is the same as selecting the last character of the string.
If the requested indices are out of range for the given string, an error is reported. To avoid error messages, use {{Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted}} instead.
Examples:
"{{#invoke:String|sub| abcdefghi }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|sub|s= abcdefghi }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|sub| abcdefghi | 3 }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|sub|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|sub| abcdefghi | 3 | 4 }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|sub|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 |j= 4 }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"
sublength
This function implements the features of {{str sub old}} and is kept in order to maintain these older templates. It returns a substring of the target string starting at a specified index and of a specified length.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|sublength|s= target_string |i= start_index |len= length }}
Parameters:
- s
- The string
- i
- The starting index of the substring to return. The first character of the string is assigned an index of 0.
- len
- The length of the string to return, defaults to the last character.
Examples:
{{#invoke:String|sublength|s= abcdefghi }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|sublength|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|sublength|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 |len= 4 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
match
This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|match|source_string|pattern_string|start_index|match_number|plain_flag|nomatch_output}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|match|s= source_string |pattern= pattern_string |start= start_index |match= match_number |plain= plain_flag |nomatch= nomatch_output }}
Parameters:
- s
- The string to search
- pattern
- The pattern or string to find within the string
- start
- The index within the source string to start the search. The first character of the string has index 1. Defaults to 1.
- match
- In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string. This specifies which match to return, where the first match is match= 1. If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match. Hence match = -1 is the same as requesting the last match. Defaults to 1.
- plain
- Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly Lua-style regular expression). Defaults to false (to change:
plain=true
) - nomatch
- If no match is found, output the "nomatch" value rather than an error.
- ignore_errors
- If no match is found and ignore_errors=true, output an empty string rather than an error.
If the match_number or start_index are out of range for the string being queried, then this function generates an error. An error is also generated if no match is found. If one adds the parameter ignore_errors=true, then the error will be suppressed and an empty string will be returned on any failure.
For information on constructing Lua patterns, a form of regular expression, see:
Examples:
{{#invoke:String|match| abc123def456 |%d+}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match| abc123def456 |%d+|6}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |start= 6 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |start= 6 |match= 2 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123%d+ |pattern= %d+ }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123%d+ |pattern= %d+ |plain= true }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc |pattern= %d }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc |pattern= %d |nomatch= No numeric characters in string }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= abc |pattern= %d |ignore_errors= true }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|match|s= 0012001200 |pattern= 0*(%d*) }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
pos
This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|pos|target_string|index_value}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|pos|target= target_string |pos= index_value }}
Parameters:
- target
- The string to search
- pos
- The index for the character to return
The first character has an index value of 1.
If one requests a negative value, this function will select a character by counting backwards from the end of the string. In other words pos = -1 is the same as asking for the last character.
A requested value of zero, or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error.
Examples:
{{#invoke:String|pos| abcdefghi | 4 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|pos|target= abcdefghi |pos= 4 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
str_find
This function duplicates the behavior of {{str_find}}, including all of its quirks. This is provided in order to support existing templates, but is NOT RECOMMENDED for new code and templates. New code is recommended to use the "find" function instead.
Returns the first index in "source" that is a match to "target". Indexing is 1-based, and the function returns -1 if the "target" string is not present in "source".
Important Note: If the "target" string is empty / missing, this function returns a value of "1", which is generally unexpected behavior, and must be accounted for separately.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|str_find|source_string|target_string}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|str_find|source= source_string |target= target_string }}
Parameters:
- source
- The string to search
- target
- The string to find within source
Examples:
{{#invoke:String|str_find| abc123def }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|str_find|source= abc123def }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|str_find| abc123def |123}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|str_find|source= abc123def |target= 123 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|str_find| abc123def |not}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
find
This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another string.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|find|source_string|target_string|start_index|plain_flag}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|find|source= source_string |target= target_string |start= start_index |plain= plain_flag }}
Parameters:
- source
- The string to search
- target
- The string or pattern to find within source
- start
- The index within the source string to start the search, defaults to 1
- plain
- Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly Lua-style regular expression); defaults to true
This function returns the first index >= "start" where "target" can be found within "source". Indices are 1-based. If "target" is not found, then this function returns 0. If either "source" or "target" are missing / empty, this function also returns 0.
This function should be safe for UTF-8 strings.
Examples:
{{#invoke:String|find|abc123def|12}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|find|source=abc123def|target=12}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|find|source=abc123def|target=pqr}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|find| abc123def |123}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|find|source= abc123def |target= 123 }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|find|source=abc123def|target=%d |start=3 |plain=false }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
When using unnamed parameters, preceding and trailing spaces are kept and counted:
{{#invoke:String|find| abc123def |c|false}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:String|find|source= abc123def |target=c|plain=false}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted{{#invoke:string|find|abc 123 def|%s|plain=false}}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
Testing for the presence of a string:
{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:string|find|haystack|needle}}|Found needle|Didn't find needle}}
→ 表达式错误:未预料的<操作符。
Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
replace (gsub)
This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another string. To Lua programmers: this function works internally by calling mw.ustring.gsub
.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|replace|source_str|pattern_string|replace_string|replacement_count|plain_flag}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|replace|source= source_string |pattern= pattern_string |replace= replace_string |count= replacement_count |plain= plain_flag }}
Parameters:
- source
- The string to search
- pattern
- The string or pattern to find within source
- replace
- The replacement text
- count
- The number of occurrences to replace; defaults to all
- plain
- Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly Lua-style regular expression); defaults to true
Examples:
"{{#invoke:String|replace| abc123def456 |123|XYZ}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|replace|source= abc123def456 |pattern= 123 |replace= XYZ }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|replace| abc123def456 |%d+|XYZ|1|false}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|replace|source= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |replace= XYZ |count=1 |plain= false }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|replace|source= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |replace= XYZ |plain= false }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"{{#invoke:String|replace|source= 0012001200 |pattern= ^0* |plain= false }}
→ Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
rep
Repeats a string n times. A simple function to pipe string.rep to templates.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|rep|source|count}}
Parameters:
- source
- The string to repeat
- count
- The number of repetitions.
Examples:
"{{#invoke:String|rep|hello|3}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|rep| hello | 3 }}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"
escapePattern
In a Lua pattern, changes a class character into a literal character. For example: in a pattern, character .
catches "any character"; escapePattern will convert it to %.
, catching just the literal character ".".
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|escapePattern|pattern_string}}
Parameters:
- pattern_string
- The pattern string to escape
Examples:
"{{#invoke:String|escapePattern|A.D.}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|escapePattern|10%}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"
count
Counts the number of times a given pattern appears in the arguments that get passed on to this module. Counts disjoint matches only.
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|count|source_str|pattern_string|plain_flag}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|count|source= source_string |pattern= pattern_string|plain= plain_flag }}
Parameters:
- source_string
- The string to count occurrences in
- pattern
- The string or pattern to count occurrences of within source
- plain
- Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly Lua-style regular expression); defaults to true
Examples:
- Count of 'a':
"{{#invoke:String|count|aabbcc|a}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted" - Count occurrences of 'aba':
"{{#invoke:String|count|ababababab|aba}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted" - Count of "either 'a' or 'c' ":
"{{#invoke:String|count|aabbcc|[ac]|plain=false}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted" - Count of "not 'a' ":
"{{#invoke:String|count|aaabaaac|[^a]|plain=false}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted" - Count of "starts with 'a' ":
"{{#invoke:String|count|aaabaaac|^a|plain=false}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"
join
Joins all strings passed as arguments into one string, treating the first argument as a separator
Usage:
{{#invoke:String|join|separator|string1|string2|...}}
Parameters:
- separator
- String that separates each string being joined together
- Note that leading and trailing spaces are not stripped from the separator.
- string1/string2/...
- Strings being joined together
Examples:
"{{#invoke:String|join|x|foo|bar|baz}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|join||a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|join|,|a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|join|, |a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|join| – |a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"
The preceding example uses the html entity – but the unicode character also works.
endswith
Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted Usage:
{{#invoke:String|endswith|source_str|search_string}}
OR
{{#invoke:String|endswith|source= source_string |pattern= search_string}}
Returns "yes" if the source string ends with the search string. Use named parameters to have the strings trimmed before use. Despite the parameter name, search_string is not a Lua pattern, it is interpreted literally.
"{{#invoke:String|endswith|xxxyyy|y}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted""{{#invoke:String|endswith|xxxyyy|z}}"
→ "Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted"
See also
Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
脚本错误:Lua错误:无法创建进程:proc_open(/dev/null): failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
--[[ This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions. Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters, unnamed parameters, or a mixture. If named parameters are used, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter. Depending on the intended use, it may be advantageous to either preserve or remove such whitespace. Global options ignore_errors: If set to 'true' or 1, any error condition will result in an empty string being returned rather than an error message. error_category: If an error occurs, specifies the name of a category to include with the error message. The default category is [Category:Errors reported by Module String]. no_category: If set to 'true' or 1, no category will be added if an error is generated. Unit tests for this module are available at Module:String/tests. ]] local str = {} --[[ len This function returns the length of the target string. Usage: {{#invoke:String|len|target_string|}} OR {{#invoke:String|len|s=target_string}} Parameters s: The string whose length to report If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the target string. ]] function str.len( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, {'s'} ); local s = new_args['s'] or ''; return mw.ustring.len( s ) end --[[ sub This function returns a substring of the target string at specified indices. Usage: {{#invoke:String|sub|target_string|start_index|end_index}} OR {{#invoke:String|sub|s=target_string|i=start_index|j=end_index}} Parameters s: The string to return a subset of i: The fist index of the substring to return, defaults to 1. j: The last index of the string to return, defaults to the last character. The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1. If either i or j is a negative value, it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by counting from the end of the string. Hence, a value of -1 is the same as selecting the last character of the string. If the requested indices are out of range for the given string, an error is reported. ]] function str.sub( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, { 's', 'i', 'j' } ); local s = new_args['s'] or ''; local i = tonumber( new_args['i'] ) or 1; local j = tonumber( new_args['j'] ) or -1; local len = mw.ustring.len( s ); -- Convert negatives for range checking if i < 0 then i = len + i + 1; end if j < 0 then j = len + j + 1; end if i > len or j > len or i < 1 or j < 1 then return str._error( '截取字符串索引脱离区间' ); end if j < i then return str._error( '截取字符串指示脱离顺序' ); end return mw.ustring.sub( s, i, j ) end --[[ This function implements that features of {{str sub old}} and is kept in order to maintain these older templates. ]] function str.sublength( frame ) local i = tonumber( frame.args.i ) or 0 local len = tonumber( frame.args.len ) return mw.ustring.sub( frame.args.s, i + 1, len and ( i + len ) ) end --[[ match This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern. Usage: {{#invoke:String|match|source_string|pattern_string|start_index|match_number|plain_flag|nomatch_output}} OR {{#invoke:String|pos|s=source_string|pattern=pattern_string|start=start_index |match=match_number|plain=plain_flag|nomatch=nomatch_output}} Parameters s: The string to search pattern: The pattern or string to find within the string start: The index within the source string to start the search. The first character of the string has index 1. Defaults to 1. match: In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string. This specifies which match to return, where the first match is match= 1. If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match. Hence match = -1 is the same as requesting the last match. Defaults to 1. plain: A flag indicating that the pattern should be understood as plain text. Defaults to false. nomatch: If no match is found, output the "nomatch" value rather than an error. If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from each string. In some circumstances this is desirable, in other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace. If the match_number or start_index are out of range for the string being queried, then this function generates an error. An error is also generated if no match is found. If one adds the parameter ignore_errors=true, then the error will be suppressed and an empty string will be returned on any failure. For information on constructing Lua patterns, a form of [regular expression], see: * http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1 * http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Patterns * http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Ustring_patterns ]] function str.match( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, {'s', 'pattern', 'start', 'match', 'plain', 'nomatch'} ); local s = new_args['s'] or ''; local start = tonumber( new_args['start'] ) or 1; local plain_flag = str._getBoolean( new_args['plain'] or false ); local pattern = new_args['pattern'] or ''; local match_index = math.floor( tonumber(new_args['match']) or 1 ); local nomatch = new_args['nomatch']; if s == '' then return str._error( '目标字符串是空的' ); end if pattern == '' then return str._error( '模式字符串是空的' ); end if math.abs(start) < 1 or math.abs(start) > mw.ustring.len( s ) then return str._error( '要求的起始点脱离区间' ); end if match_index == 0 then return str._error( '匹配索引脱离区间' ); end if plain_flag then pattern = str._escapePattern( pattern ); end local result if match_index == 1 then -- Find first match is simple case result = mw.ustring.match( s, pattern, start ) else if start > 1 then s = mw.ustring.sub( s, start ); end local iterator = mw.ustring.gmatch(s, pattern); if match_index > 0 then -- Forward search for w in iterator do match_index = match_index - 1; if match_index == 0 then result = w; break; end end else -- Reverse search local result_table = {}; local count = 1; for w in iterator do result_table[count] = w; count = count + 1; end result = result_table[ count + match_index ]; end end if result == nil then if nomatch == nil then return str._error( '找不到匹配' ); else return nomatch; end else return result; end end --[[ pos This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos. Usage: {{#invoke:String|pos|target_string|index_value}} OR {{#invoke:String|pos|target=target_string|pos=index_value}} Parameters target: The string to search pos: The index for the character to return If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the target string. In some circumstances this is desirable, in other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace. The first character has an index value of 1. If one requests a negative value, this function will select a character by counting backwards from the end of the string. In other words pos = -1 is the same as asking for the last character. A requested value of zero, or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error. ]] function str.pos( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, {'target', 'pos'} ); local target_str = new_args['target'] or ''; local pos = tonumber( new_args['pos'] ) or 0; if pos == 0 or math.abs(pos) > mw.ustring.len( target_str ) then return str._error( '字符串索引脱离区间' ); end return mw.ustring.sub( target_str, pos, pos ); end --[[ str_find This function duplicates the behavior of {{str_find}}, including all of its quirks. This is provided in order to support existing templates, but is NOT RECOMMENDED for new code and templates. New code is recommended to use the "find" function instead. Returns the first index in "source" that is a match to "target". Indexing is 1-based, and the function returns -1 if the "target" string is not present in "source". Important Note: If the "target" string is empty / missing, this function returns a value of "1", which is generally unexpected behavior, and must be accounted for separatetly. ]] function str.str_find( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, {'source', 'target'} ); local source_str = new_args['source'] or ''; local target_str = new_args['target'] or ''; if target_str == '' then return 1; end local start = mw.ustring.find( source_str, target_str, 1, true ) if start == nil then start = -1 end return start end --[[ find This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another string. Usage: {{#invoke:String|find|source_str|target_string|start_index|plain_flag}} OR {{#invoke:String|find|source=source_str|target=target_str|start=start_index|plain=plain_flag}} Parameters source: The string to search target: The string or pattern to find within source start: The index within the source string to start the search, defaults to 1 plain: Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain text and not as a Lua style regular expression, defaults to true If invoked using named parameters, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter. In some circumstances this is desirable, in other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace. This function returns the first index >= "start" where "target" can be found within "source". Indices are 1-based. If "target" is not found, then this function returns 0. If either "source" or "target" are missing / empty, this function also returns 0. This function should be safe for UTF-8 strings. ]] function str.find( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, {'source', 'target', 'start', 'plain' } ); local source_str = new_args['source'] or ''; local pattern = new_args['target'] or ''; local start_pos = tonumber(new_args['start']) or 1; local plain = new_args['plain'] or true; if source_str == '' or pattern == '' then return 0; end plain = str._getBoolean( plain ); local start = mw.ustring.find( source_str, pattern, start_pos, plain ) if start == nil then start = 0 end return start end --[[ replace This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another string. Usage: {{#invoke:String|replace|source_str|pattern_string|replace_string|replacement_count|plain_flag}} OR {{#invoke:String|replace|source=source_string|pattern=pattern_string|replace=replace_string| count=replacement_count|plain=plain_flag}} Parameters source: The string to search pattern: The string or pattern to find within source replace: The replacement text count: The number of occurences to replace, defaults to all. plain: Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Lua style regular expression, defaults to true ]] function str.replace( frame ) local new_args = str._getParameters( frame.args, {'source', 'pattern', 'replace', 'count', 'plain' } ); local source_str = new_args['source'] or ''; local pattern = new_args['pattern'] or ''; local replace = new_args['replace'] or ''; local count = tonumber( new_args['count'] ); local plain = new_args['plain'] or true; if source_str == '' or pattern == '' then return source_str; end plain = str._getBoolean( plain ); if plain then pattern = str._escapePattern( pattern ); replace = mw.ustring.gsub( replace, "%%", "%%%%" ); --Only need to escape replacement sequences. end local result; if count ~= nil then result = mw.ustring.gsub( source_str, pattern, replace, count ); else result = mw.ustring.gsub( source_str, pattern, replace ); end return result; end --[[ simple function to pipe string.rep to templates. ]] function str.rep( frame ) local repetitions = tonumber( frame.args[2] ) if not repetitions then return str._error( 'function rep expects a number as second parameter, received "' .. ( frame.args[2] or '' ) .. '"' ) end return string.rep( frame.args[1] or '', repetitions ) end function str.split(inputstr, sep, no_pattern, ignore_null) --#invoke 支援 if type(inputstr) == type({table}) then if not getArgs then getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs end args = getArgs(inputstr, {parentFirst=true}) for arg_name, arg_value in pairs( args ) do if arg_name == 1 or arg_name == '1' or arg_name == "str" or arg_name == "inputstr" or arg_name == "input" then input_str = arg_value elseif arg_name == 2 or arg_name == '2' or arg_name == "sep" or arg_name == "separator" then separ = arg_value elseif arg_name == 3 or arg_name == '3' or arg_name == "no_pattern" or arg_name == "no pattern" then no_pattern_flag = arg_value elseif arg_name == 4 or arg_name == '4' or arg_name == "ignore_null" or arg_name == "ignore null" then ignore_null_flag = arg_value elseif arg_name == 5 or arg_name == '5' or arg_name == "format" then format = arg_value or "*{{{1}}}\n"; end end if not yesno then yesno = require('Module:Yesno') end no_pattern_flag = yesno( no_pattern_flag or 'yes' ) ignore_null_flag = yesno( ignore_null_flag or 'no' ) is_invoke = true format = mw.ustring.gsub(format or "*{{{1}}}\n", "%{%{%{.-%}%}%}", "%%s" ); it = mw.ustring.find(format, "%%s", 1) if it == nil then format = format .. "%s" end format = mw.ustring.gsub(format, "\\n", "\n") else input_str = inputstr separ = sep no_pattern_flag = no_pattern ignore_null_flag = ignore_null is_invoke = false end input_str = input_str or '' separ = separ or "%s" if no_pattern_flag == nil then no_pattern_flag = true end if ignore_null_flag == nil then ignore_null_flag = false end length = mw.ustring.len(input_str) --split函數起點 if no_pattern_flag then separ = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(separ, "%[", "%["), "%]", "%]"), "%{", "%{"), "%}", "%}"), "%%", "%%%%"), "%)", "%)"), "%-", "%-"), "%^", "%^"), "%$", "%$"), "%(", "%("), "%.", "%."), "%*", "%*"), "%+", "%+"), "%|", "%|"); end iterator = 1 ; i = 1 ; flag = true result = {} separ_str_begin, separ_str_end = mw.ustring.find(input_str, separ, iterator) -- debug1 = 1 -- while flag do debug1 = debug1 + 1 if separ_str_begin == nil or iterator > length or debug1 >= 100 then separ_str_begin = 0 separ_str_end = -2 flag = false end if separ_str_end < separ_str_begin then separ_str_end = separ_str_begin end finded_str = mw.ustring.sub(input_str, iterator, separ_str_begin - 1) if not(mw.text.trim(finded_str) == '' and ignore_null_flag) then result[i] = finded_str i = i + 1 end iterator = separ_str_end + 1 separ_str_begin, separ_str_end = mw.ustring.find(input_str, separ, iterator) end if is_invoke then body = '' for i, result_str in pairs( result ) do body = body .. mw.ustring.gsub(format, "%%s", result_str) end return body end return result; end --[[ join Join all non empty arguments together; the first argument is the separator. Usage: {{#invoke:String|join|sep|one|two|three}} ]] function str.join(frame) local args = {} local sep for _, v in ipairs( frame.args ) do if sep then if v ~= '' then table.insert(args, v) end else sep = v end end return table.concat( args, sep or '' ) end --[[ Helper function that populates the argument list given that user may need to use a mix of named and unnamed parameters. This is relevant because named parameters are not identical to unnamed parameters due to string trimming, and when dealing with strings we sometimes want to either preserve or remove that whitespace depending on the application. ]] function str._getParameters( frame_args, arg_list ) local new_args = {}; local index = 1; local value; for i,arg in ipairs( arg_list ) do value = frame_args[arg] if value == nil then value = frame_args[index]; index = index + 1; end new_args[arg] = value; end return new_args; end --[[ Helper function to handle error messages. ]] function str._error( error_str ) local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame(); local error_category = frame.args.error_category or '字符串模块报告的错误'; local ignore_errors = frame.args.ignore_errors or false; local no_category = frame.args.no_category or false; if str._getBoolean(ignore_errors) then return ''; end local error_str = '<strong class="error">字符串模块出错:' .. error_str .. '</strong>'; if error_category ~= '' and not str._getBoolean( no_category ) then error_str = '[[Category:' .. error_category .. ']]' .. error_str; end return error_str; end --[[ Helper Function to interpret boolean strings ]] function str._getBoolean( boolean_str ) local boolean_value; if type( boolean_str ) == 'string' then boolean_str = boolean_str:lower(); if boolean_str == 'false' or boolean_str == 'no' or boolean_str == '0' or boolean_str == '' then boolean_value = false; else boolean_value = true; end elseif type( boolean_str ) == 'boolean' then boolean_value = boolean_str; else error( '布尔值找不到' ); end return boolean_value end --[[ Helper function that escapes all pattern characters so that they will be treated as plain text. ]] function str._escapePattern( pattern_str ) return mw.ustring.gsub( pattern_str, "([%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]])", "%%%1" ); end return str